November 9

9 พฤศจิกายน

จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี

เหตุการณ์
พ.ศ. 2415 (ค.ศ. 1872) – เกิดเพลิงไหม้ครั้งใหญ่ทำลายอาคารบ้านเรือนไปกว่า 700 หลังคาเรือนในกรุงบอสตัน มลรัฐแมสซาชูเซตส์ สหรัฐอเมริกา
พ.ศ. 2417 (ค.ศ. 1874) – วันเปิดใช้ประภาคารสันดอน ประภาคารสมัยใหม่แห่งแรกของไทย ณ สันดอนปากแม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา มีชื่อว่า “Bar of Regent Lighthouse"
พ.ศ. 2481 (ค.ศ. 1938) – Kristallnacht ซึ่งเป็นปฏิบัติการสังหารหมู่ชาวยิวครั้งมโหฬารโดยนาซีเยอรมันเริ่มต้นขึ้น
พ.ศ. 2481 (ค.ศ. 1938) – เวลา 19.00 น. เกิดการลอบสังหาร จอมพล ป. พิบูลสงคราม นายกรัฐมนตรีในห้องนอนด้วยปืนค้อลท์รีวอลเวอร์ โดยผู้ลอบสังหารชื่อ นายลี บุญตา ซึ่งเป็นคนสวนของจอมพล ป. ด้วยการแอบซุ่มอยู่ใต้เตียง
พ.ศ. 2508 (ค.ศ. 1965) – เกิดไฟฟ้าดับหลายระลอกในหลายมลรัฐของสหรัฐอเมริกา รวมเป็นเวลาถึง 13 ชั่วโมงครึ่ง
พ.ศ. 2532 (ค.ศ. 1989) – เยอรมนีตะวันออกเปิดกำแพงเบอร์ลินให้สามารถเดินทางผ่านได้โดยเสรี ซึ่งเป็นสัญลักษณ์จุดจบของสงครามเย็น นำไปสู่การสิ้นสุดสนธิสัญญาวอร์ซอ และเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของการล่มสลายของสหภาพโซเวียต
พ.ศ. 2547 (ค.ศ. 2004) – เปิดตัว มอซิลลา ไฟร์ฟอกซ์ 1.0 เป็นเว็บเบราว์เซอร์คู่แข่งสำคัญของไมโครซอฟท์

วันเกิด
พ.ศ. 2477 (ค.ศ. 1934) – คาร์ล เซแกน นักดาราศาสตร์และนักเขียนชาวอเมริกัน (ถึงแก่กรรม 20 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2539)
พ.ศ. 2497 (ค.ศ. 1954) – ยืนยง โอภากุล (แอ๊ด คาราบาว) ผู้ก่อตั้งและสมาชิกวงคาราบาว
พ.ศ. 2517 (ค.ศ. 1974) – อเลสซานโดร เดล ปิเอโร นักฟุตบอลชาวอิตาลี

วันถึงแก่กรรม
พ.ศ. 2461 (ค.ศ. 1918) – กีโยม อาโปลีแนร์ กวีชาวฝรั่งเศส (เกิด 26 สิงหาคม พ.ศ. 2423)
พ.ศ. 2513 (ค.ศ. 1970) – ชาลส์ เดอ โกล อดีตประธานาธิบดีฝรั่งเศส (เกิด 22 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2433)
พ.ศ. 2548 (ค.ศ. 2005) – จรัล บูรณพันธุ์ศรี คณะกรรมการการเลือกตั้ง (กกต.) ด้วยโรคมะเร็งปอด

วันสำคัญและวันหยุดเทศกาล
กัมพูชา – วันประกาศเอกราช (พ.ศ. 2496)

November 9

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Events
694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.
1282 - Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.
1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII & Charles VIII.
1494 - Family de' Medici become rulers of Florence.
1729 - Spain, France & England sign the Treaty of Seville.
1764 - Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape during the French and Indian War, is turned over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet.
1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls (Consulate Government).
1848 - Robert Blum, German revolutionary, executed in Vienna
1851 - Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape.
1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George McClellan was removed.
1872 - The Great Boston Fire of 1872.
1877 - The National poet of Pakistan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal is born in Sialkot, present-day Pakistan.
1887 - The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
1906 - Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country (to inspect progress on the Panama Canal).
1907 - The Cullinan Diamond is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday.
1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.
1921 - Albert Einstein awarded Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.
1923 - In Munich, Germany, police and government troops crush the Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria. The failed coup is the work of the Nazis.
1932 - Riots between conservative and socialist supporters in Switzerland kill 12 and injure 60.
1937 - Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.
1938 - Kristallnacht, Nazi Germany's first large-scale act of physical anti-Jewish violence, begins.
1939 - Hitler survives attempted murder by explosion, the man plotting is sent to concentration camp.
1940 - Premiere of Joaquin Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez in Barcelona, Spain.
1946 - Links, Incorporated, an exclusive non-profit organization is founded by two African American women in Philidelphia, Pennsylvania.
1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.
1960 - Robert McNamara is named president of Ford Motor Co., the first non-Ford to serve in that post — quitting a month later to join the newly-elected John F. Kennedy administration.
1961 - Neil Armstrong records a world record speed in a rocket plane, flying 6,587km/h in an X-15.
1963 - At Miike in Japan, a coal mine explosion kills 458, and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning. A three-train disaster in Yokohama, also in Japan, kills more than 160 people.
1965 - Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast Blackout of 1965.
1965 - Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building.
1967 - Apollo program: NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy.
1970 - Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6 to 3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.
1971 - John List, an accountant from Westfield, New Jersey murders his mother, wife and three children. He then hides under a new identity for 18 years.
1986 - Romania: Election of Patriarch Teoctist Arăpaşu
1989 - Cold War: Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to freely travel to West Germany. People start demolishing the Berlin Wall.
1990 - Mary Robinson elected Ireland's first woman President and the first from the Labour Party.
1993 - Stari most, the "old bridge" in Bosnian Mostar built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing.
1994 - Discovery of the chemical element Darmstadtium.
1995 - Bill Watterson announces his retirement in a brief letter to newspaper editors.
1998 - Brokerage houses are ordered to pay US$1.03 billion to cheated NASDAQ investors to compensate for their price-fixing. This is the largest civil settlement in United States history.
1999 - TAESA Flight 725, went down a few minutes after leaving the Uruapan airport en-route to Mexico City. 18 people were killed in the accident
2003 - During the holy month of Ramadan, a suicide-terrorist attack in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, kills 17 people.
2004 - Mozilla Firefox 1.0 released. This has become one of Microsoft Internet Explorer's biggest competitors.
2004 - John Ashcroft and Don Evans resign their posts as U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Secretary of Commerce respectively.
2004 - Halo 2 is released by the Microsoft Corporation. The sci-fi action shooter smashes entertainment records, grossing $125 Million on its opening day.
2005 - The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
2005 - Suicide bombers attacked three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 56 people.
2005 - Muriel Degauque becomes the first Belgian female suicide bomber, wounding one in Iraq.

Births
1414 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (d. 1486)
1522 - Martin Chemnitz, German theologian (d. 1586)
1664 - Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695)
1717 - Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German archaeologist (d. 1768)
1721 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (d. 1770)
1731 - Benjamin Banneker, American scientist (d. 1806)
1802 - Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (d. 1837)
1810 - Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (d. 1887)
1818 (N.S.) - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (d. 1883)
1825 - A.P. Hill, American Confederate general (d. 1865)
1832 - Émile Gaboriau, French writer, novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
1840 - Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau, French Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1898)
1841 - King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (d. 1910)
1853 - Stanford White, American architect (d. 1906)
1869 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (d. 1934)
1873 - Otfrid Foerster, German neurologist (d. 1941)
1874 - Albert Francis Blakeslee, American botanist (d. 1954)
1877 - Enrico De Nicola, Italian politician (d. 1959)
1877 - Allama Iqbal, Indian National poet of Pakistan (d. 1938)
1879 - Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (d. 1931)
1880 - Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect (d. 1960)
1883 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (d. 1942)
1885 (N.S.) - Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian writer (d. 1922)
1885 - Hermann Weyl, German mathematician (d. 1955)
1885 - Theodor Kaluza, German scientist (d. 1954)
1886 - S. O. Davies, Welsh miner and politician (d. 1972)
1886 - Ed Wynn, American actor (d. 1966)
1889 - Jean Monnet, French internationalist (d. 1979)
1892 - Mabel Normand, American actress (d. 1930)
1895 - Mae Marsh, American actress (d. 1968)
1897 - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1978)
1902 - Anthony Asquith, British film director (d. 1968)
1905 - Erika Mann, German writer (d. 1969)
1911 - Tabish Dehlvi, Pakistani poet (d. 2004)
1913 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrian actress and inventor (d. 2000)
1915 - André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)
1915 - Sargent Shriver, American politician
1918 - Spiro Agnew, Vice President of the United States (d. 1996)
1921 - Viktor Chukarin, Soviet gymnast (d. 1984)
1921 - Pierrette Alarie, Canadian soprano
1922 - Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)
1922 - Imre Lakatos, Hungarian philosopher (d. 1974)
1923 - Alice Coachman, American athlete
1923 - Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (d. 1965)
1928 - Anne Sexton, American poet (d. 1974)
1929 - Imre Kertész, Hungarian writer, Nobel laureate
1929 - Marc Favreau, Québécois humorist and actor (d. 2005)
1931 - Whitey Herzog, Major League Baseball player and manager
1934 - Ingvar Carlsson, Swedish politician
1934 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer and writer (d. 1996)
1935 - Bob Gibson, Anerican baseball player
1936 - Daniel Robert Graham, American politician
1936 - Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (d. 1992)
1937 - Roger McGough, English poet
1937 - Clyde Wells, Canadian politician and judge, premier of Newfoundland
1941 - Tom Fogerty, American musician (Creedence Clearwater Revival) (d. 1990)
1942 - Tom Weiskopf, American golfer
1948 - Michel Pagliaro, Québécois rock singer
1948 - Bille August, Danish film and television director
1951 - Lou Ferrigno, American bodybuilder
1953 - Gaétan Hart, Canadian boxer
1955 - Bob Nault, French Canadian politician
1959 - Thomas Quasthoff, German singer
1959 - Tony Slattery, British actor
1959 - Nick Hamilton, American wrestling referee
1961 - Jill Dando, British television presenter (d. 1999)
1964 - Robert Duncan McNeill, American actor
1965 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone
1965 - Teryl Rothery, Canadian actress
1968 - Nazzareno Carusi, Italian pianist
1969 - Allison Wolfe, American musician (Bratmobile, Cold Cold Hearts, Partyline)
1970 - Chris Jericho, American wrestler
1970 - Susan Tedeschi, American musician
1970 - Scarface, American rapper
1971 - David Duval, American Golfer and former #1 in the world
1972 - Corin Tucker, American musician (Sleater-Kinney)
1972 - Doug Russell, American radio personality
1973 - Nick Lachey, American pop singer
1974 - Alessandro Del Piero, Italian footballer
1976 - Lúcia Moniz, Portuguese singer
1978 - Sisqó, American singer (Dru Hill)
1978 - Steven Lopez, American taekwondo martial artist
1979 - Adam Dunn, American baseball player
1979 - Martin Taylor, English footballer
1980 - Vanessa Minnillo, American television personality
1980 - Dominique Maltais, Québécois snowboarder
1981 - Luke Covell, Australian/New Zealand rugby player
1984 - Delta Goodrem, Australian singer
1984 - SE7EN, South Korean singer

Deaths
959 - Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor (b. 905)
1187 - Emperor Gaozong of China (b. 1107)
1208 - Sancha of Castile, wife of Alfonso II of Aragon (b. 1155)
1504 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
1623 - William Camden, English historian (b. 1551)
1641 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Netherlands and Bishop of Toledo
1766 - Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (b. 1692)
1770 - John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician
1778 - Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian artist (b. 1720)
1809 - Paul Sandby, English cartographer (b. 1725)
1848 - Robert Blum, German politician (b. 1810)
1888 - Mary Jane Kelly, Irish murder victim (b. 1863)
1911 - Howard Pyle, American author (b. 1853)
1918 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)
1919 - Eduard Müller, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1848)
1937 - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1866)
1938 - Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b.1889)
1940 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Portuguese Catholic prelate (b. 1876)
1940 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1869)
1942 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (b. 1883)
1944 - Frank Marshall, American chess player (b. 1877)
1951 - Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (b. 1887)
1952 - Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (b. 1874)
1953 - Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (b. 1914)
1957 - Peter O'Connor, Irish athlete (b. 1872)
1970 - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (b. 1890)
1971 - Maude Fealy, American actor (b. 1881)
1977 - Fred Haney, American baseball player (b. 1898)
1980 - Victor Sen Yung, American actor (b. 1915)
1988 - John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General (b. 1913)
1988 - Father David Bauer, professional ice hockey player and builder (b. 1924)
1991 - Yves Montand, French actor (b. 1921)
1997 - Helenio Herrera, French football player and coach
1998 - Ursula Reit, German actress (b. 1914)
2000 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (b. 1915)
2002 - William Schutz, American psychologist
2003 - Art Carney, American actor (b. 1918)
2003 - Gordon Onslow Ford, English painter (b. 1912)
2003 - Binod Bihari Verma, Maithili literateur (b.1937)
2004 - Iris Chang, American author (b. 1968)
2005 - K. R. Narayanan, President of India (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances
Roman Catholicism - Dedication of the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Cathedral of the Pope (memorial feast day)
Also see November 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Cambodia - Independence Day (1953)
Pakistan - Allama Iqbal Day (1877)
Germany - November 9th is often called Germany's Schicksalstag (day of fate) due to the events of 1848, 1918, 1923, 1938, and 1989.
Europe - Inventor's Day - in honor of Hedy Lamarr's birthday
United States - World Freedom Day, to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989
International - International Day Against Fascism and Antisemitism, to commemorate the pogrom against the Jews, started by Nazis on November 9, 1938 - Kristallnacht